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Newtons Joules WattsLets Study Newtons, Joules, WattsThis Force and Motion MatchCard defines force, Newtons, Joule, and Watts for 3rd to 8th graders.
The Newtons, Joules, Watts MatchCardObjective: Define force, Newton, Joule, and Watts.MatchCard: Download below. MatchCard Information Pieces define each of the four terms (force, Newton, Joule, Watts) and gives the mathematical formula. Ideas for projects are listed on the instructor's page and below. Preliminary Activity: Make A CatapultCatapults were Midieval weapons which hurled stones into walled cities to bring down the wall. Not a particularly nice thing to do to your neighbors and we are not recommending it here.The catapult does make an interesing - and relatively simple - machine to discuss measuring force and motion. Most toy stores and science learning stores will have kits you can buy in the $20 to $30 range which will allow your budding scientist to propel small objects weighing a few grams across the room (usually to the annoyance of their siblings and other inhabitants of the room.) For a truly inspired unit study, you can purchase larger catapult kits ranging from $150 to $500 which will allow you to propel larger items from your backyard into your neighbors yard. This could, of course, annoy your neighbors, particularly if it goes through the window. Force and motion can indeed become an interesting unit study. For a slightly less involved, as well as cheaper, project you can build your own catapult for less than $2.00 with the instructions below. If you stick to hurling marshmallows or styrofoam peanuts with it, you're pretty safe - as far as the neighbors go. (Okay, I'll give the required warning not to leave small marshmallows or anything else that a child can choke on in reach of toddlers.) How To Build a Cheap and Simple Catapult
You can use the spoon the old fashioned way to hurl marshmallows at one another by holding the spoon with one hand, and pulling back then releasing the top of the spoon with the other. You might consider whether you really want to encourage your kids to hurl food from their spoons before using this simple catapult. ForceThe definition of force is "push or pull" of an object.What kind of force was used with the catapult? (The object was pushed through the air.) Brainstorm: Other examples of force. Force is measured by Newtons. NewtonNewton is the measurement of the amount of force applied to push or pull an object.One Newton = 1 kg X 1 meter/second/second Understanding this concept requires the student understand acceleration. If you have not done the earlier MatchCard Science Force and Motion lessons, you may want to Learn more about force.If acceleration is a new concept to your students, you may want to first do the Speed, velocity, momentum and acceleration MatchCard. In short, 1 m/s/s is an abbreviation for acceleration, which means each second the object goes 1 meter per second faster. Therefore, one Newton accelerate a one kilogram object at the rate of 1 meter per second per second. JouleJoule is the measurement of the amount of work done.1 Joule = 1 Newton X 1 meter Newton is the amount of force applied. Joule is the amount of work actually done. In the example of the catapult, the force of the catapult could be measured in Newtons. The amount of energy expended to move the boulder would be measured in Joules. Perhaps a more common example would be the force applied by a baseball bat to the baseball (Newton); and the work done by the ball after it has been struck by the bat (Joules.) Take this lesson home by going outside and throwing a one kilogram weight. (A 7.5 oz can would be pretty close.) Practice throwing the can over-hand and calculating Newtons and Joules. Adult supervision is recommended to prevent kids from bonking each other on the head or breaking windows. WattsWatts is the measurement of the amount of work done over time1 Watt = 1 Joule Divided by 1 Second If you do the calculations, one watt equals 1 kg X m2 divided by s3An invading army that has been catapulting things all day might want to know their watts, or how much work was done over time. Your local electric power company also has an interest in knowing the amount of watts used in your household. This might be a good time to show students an electric bill, and discuss how watts used impact our daily lives. Download and Use the Newtons-Joules-Watts MatchCardThis is the eighth Matchcard of the Force and Motion Unit Study. You can DOWNLOAD theNewtons, Joules, Watts Matchcard HERE. The student matches the definitions and formulas in the boxes for force, Newtons, Joules, and watts. The second page is the Instructor's Guide with the correct answers. The third page has the Information Pieces. Student's cut them apart and place them in the correct place on their copy of the Matchcard (first page.) For more information on how to use the Matchcards, see the MatchCard Science Instructor's Guide. More information on this interactive unit study is below. MatchCard ScienceThe activities and illustration above are from MatchCard Science, a homeschool science unit study. For the complete Force and Motion Unit Study follow this link. This unit study provides:
Return from the Newtons Joules Watts MatchCard to the MatchCard Science Main Page. |
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